The following are illustrative examples of contemporary issues. A concerted effort needed to help homeless veterans. This article covers the concept of social issues and highlights the different experiences of rural and urban sectors. A social issue is a problem that reduces the quality of life of people. This percentage range is much higher than the 20 percent share of federal spending cited by the government solely for defense outlays. Scholar John Tirman worries that Americans have generally ignored the civilian victims of US wars. APA 950 words Get instant access to the full solution from by clicking the purchase button below $12.00 Added to cart Related Questions: Watch this clip from the popular TV show Adam Ruins Everything titled The Secret Reason Weed is Illegal . Killer species. When one woman who was raped by two soldiers in Iraq told her commander, he threatened her with a charge of adultery because she was married (Speier, 2012). They say the United States could safely decrease its nuclear and conventional weapons arsenals without at all endangering national security. Although war is a social phenomenon arising from decisions of political and military officials, other phenomena can make it more likely that these officials will decide to go to war. National Priorities Project. The consequences of divorce on children. First, war, terrorism, genocide, and other armed conflicts do continue. Discretionary spending involves the money the president and Congress must decide how to spend each year and includes federal income tax dollars only. The high unemployment rate of the Iraq and Afghanistan veterans has made this need even more urgent. The Nation. Bombs containing napalm made by Dow Chemical were routinely used by the US military and its South Vietnamese allies during the Vietnam War to defoliate the countryside and to attack various targets. Edward B. Tylor concluded his survey of human culture with the remark that "the science of culture is essentially a reformer's science" (1958[1871]:539).A. Solution Verified Answered 11 months ago Create an account to view solutions Recommended textbook solutions Sociology and You 1st Edition ISBN: 9780076631933 Jon M. Shepard, Robert W. Greene 713 solutions Sociology and You War can also change a nations political structure in obvious ways, as when the winning nation forces a new political system and leadership on the losing nation. Many came back addicted to heroin and other drugs, many were unemployed, and many became homeless. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Peace Studies Program. These experts say the military budget is bloated for at least four reasons. As the Marcums situation indicates, spouses and other family members of veterans also are casualties of war. Chapter 5: Sexual Orientation and Inequality, Chapter 15: Population and the Environment, Table 16.2 US Participation in Major Wars, http://www.history.navy.mil/library/online/american%20war%20casualty.htm, http://web.archive.org/web/20070711050249/http://www.cwc.lsu.edu/other/stats/warcost.htm, http://opinionator.blogs.nytimes.com/2011/09/20/recounting-the-dead, http://abcnews.go.com/Politics/us-veterans-numbers/story?id=14928136#1, http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:US_Army_51817_ BAGHDAD_-_Iraqi_Soldiers,_with_the_6th_IA_Division,_ familiarize_themselves_with_their_targets_and_prepare_ for_a_PKC_machine_gun_range_at_Combat _Outpost_402,_here,_Sept._28._In_addition_to_ marksmanship.jpg, Chapter 15 Population and the Environment, Figure 16.3 International Military Spending, 2010, http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:First_F-35C_Flight.ogv, http://bangordailynews.com/2011/07/22/health/children-of-deployed-troops-struggle-researchers-find, http://www.timesleader.com/stories/A-concerted-effort-needed-to-help-homeless-veterans-COMMENTARY-STATE-SEN- LISA-BAKER,89325?search_filter=A+concerted+effort+needed+to+help+homeless +veterans &town_id=1&sub_type=stories, http://www.cfr.org/defense-policy-and-budget/slashing-americas-defense-suicidal-trajectory/p26989, http://defensenewsstand.com/NewsStand-General/The-INSIDER-Free-Article/dod-new-nuclear-subs-will-cost-347-billion-to-acquire-operate/menu-id-720.html, http://www.history.navy.mil/wars/foabroad.htm, http://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/military-preparedness-does-not-come-cheap/2012/02/05/gIQA5PLfsQ_story.html, http://www.fas.org/programs/ssp/nukes/nuclearweapons/nukestatus.html, http://fcnl.org/assets/flyer/taxchart11.pdf, http://business.time.com/2012/02/07/why-we-should-help-veterans-start-their-own-businesses/, http://www.denverpost.com/Stories/0,0,36%257E30137%257E,00.html, http://www.alternet.org/world/151337/are_we_giant_suckers_while_the_us_blows_money_on_the_military,_europe _spends_dough_on_social_programs, http://www.slate.com/articles/news_and_politics/war_stories/2012/02/_2013_pentagon_budget_why_so_much_spending_on_big_war_weapons_.html, http://abcnews.go.com/Politics/us-veterans-numbers/story?id=14928136#14928131, http://www.america.gov/st/diversity-english/2008/February/20080225120859liameruoy0.9820215.html, http://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/obamas-damaging-blow-to-our-military/2012/01/12/gIQA3eMhuP_story.html, http://costofwar.com/en/tradeoffs/state/CA/program/11/tradeoff/0, http://www.globalissues.org/issue/73/arms-trade-a-major-cause-of-suffering, http://www.voanews.com/english/news/usa/Public-Private-Organizations-Work-to-Help-Thousands-of-Homeless-Veterans-in-NY- 139520143.html, http://servicewomen.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/Rape-Sexual-Assault-and-Sexual-Harassment-in-the-Military.pdf, http://www.ucsusa.org/nuclear_weapons_and_global_security/nuclear_weapons/technical_issues/nuclear-weapons-overview.html, http://www.thenation.com/blog/161378/around-globe-us-military-bases-generate-resentment-not-security, http://www.vvaw.org/veteran/article/?id=823, https://www.warresisters.org/sites/default/files/FY2012piechart-color.pdf, http://www.thenation.com/blog/165487/job-numbers-are-veterans-are-left-behind, Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press. Some 59% of Americans say science and religion are often in conflict, while 38% say the two are mostly compatible. New York Times, p. A1. It examines issues such as military recruiting, race and gender representation in the military, combat, military families, military social organization, war and peace, and the military as welfare. These weapons were never found, and critics charged that the White House had fabricated and exaggerated evidence of the weapons in order to win public and congressional support for the war (Danner, 2006). This figure ranked the highest in the world and constituted almost 35 percent of all world arms exports. The thirteenth-century Mongolians killed their 40 million with battleaxes and other crude weapons; the World War II deaths resulted from gunfire and conventional bombs. Retrieved from http://www.thenation.com/blog/161378/around-globe-us-military-bases-generate-resentment-not-security. An Associated Press photo of her running naked and screaming with burns after her village was napalmed was one of the most memorable photos of that war. Some relevant global social problems include income inequality (poverty), corruption, the rise in authoritarianism (erosion of democratic values), criminality, unsustainable development, and bullying in schools. Poverty, discrimination, and addiction are examples of such problems. War is not . Cost equivalencies illustrate what is lost when so much money is spent on the military, especially on weapons systems that do not work and are not needed. As these numbers make clear, military personnel who commit rape and sexual assault almost always avoid any punishment. If this high rate had held true during the twentieth century, 2 billion people would have died in twentieth-century wars rather than the 100 million who did die (Pinker, 2012). Worrell, M. P. (2011). This diversion of funds is unfortunate, but it might still be necessary if the high level of US military spending is needed to ensure the nations security. The psychological effect of war on veterans and their families We have textbook solutions for you! A popular explanation for war derives from evolutionary biology. This latter fact needs some explanation. The shadow world: Inside the global arms trade. (2009). Figure 16.3 International Military Spending, 2010. War and sacrifice in the post-9/11 era. The enormity of war has long stimulated scholarly interest in why humans wage war (Levy & Thompson, 2010). There are also many innocent victims in wartime, but when children are victims, our hearts especially go out to them. These deaths stemmed from bombs and other weapons that went astray, from orders by military and political leaders to drop millions upon millions of bombs on civilian areas, and sometimes from atrocities committed by US personnel. Learn more about how Pressbooks supports open publishing practices. Compared to Europe, then, the United States has chosen guns over butter, leaving far less money for its social needs. Use the reading about social institutions in India to identify two social science issues that could be researched further. We call them social issues when they start negatively impacting a specific group of people. As a result, and despite the fact that endeavors to reward labor for its wartime cooperation were, in general, provisional, partial, and half-hearted, it was nonetheless the case that labor achieved some real gains (Halperin, 2004, p. 155). Identify two social science issues related to education. for the social science issues related to war, the first thing that comes to mind is the effect on the families. Retrieved February 16, 2012, from http://www.ucsusa.org/nuclear_weapons_and_global_security/nuclear_weapons/technical_issues/nuclear-weapons-overview.html. But not all civilians are affected equally. Castelli, C. J. War between nations is called international war, while war within nations is called civil war. The APSA acknowledged dissatisfaction after analyzing a 1998 survey of members and ex-members. R. Radcliffe-Brown would claim that he was moved to initiate his studies of simpler peoples on the advice of the celebrated Russian . The Times-Leader. One Iraq veteran with these problems is Tom Marcum, who came home with a brain injury, PTSD, and fits of violence and short-term memory loss. Most Americans continued to live their normal lives, whereas most Iraqis had to struggle to survive the many ravages of war. Religion is a very important ideology in this regard. To get a more accurate estimate of how many such crimes occur, sound social research is necessary. Further, it studies six important social issues namely poverty, unemployment, illiteracy, the caste system, gendered violence and communalism by analyzing their causes and the specific measures adopted to combat them. What is Social Science? Solomon, N. (2006). Oscar Arias, a former president of Costa Rica and a winner of the Nobel Peace Prize, echoed these famous words from President Eisenhower when he wrote a decade ago that US military spending took money away from important domestic needs. ABC News. Deaths in wars and conflicts in the 20th century. Collier, E. C. (1993). First, the human brain is far more advanced than the brains of other primates, and genetic instincts that might drive these primates behavior do not necessarily drive human behavior. Retrieved from http://www.thenation.com/blog/165487/job-numbers-are-veterans-are-left-behind. Families go through savings and older parents dip into retirement funds (Einhorn, 2011, p. A12). Russia ranked second with $5.3 billion in arms deliveries, while Germany ranked third with $2.6 billion (Grimmett, 2011). Why we should help veterans start their own businesses. (2012, February 17). When napalm ends up on human skin, it causes incredibly severe pain and burns down to the bone, with death often resulting. Military preparedness does not come cheap. Marcum has joined a growing community of spouses, parents and partners who, confronted with damaged loved ones returning from war who can no longer do for themselves, drop most everything in their own lives to care for them. Stopping Americas most lethal export. Grimmett, R. E. (2011). Public, private organizations work to help thousands of homeless veterans in NY. Third, most people are not violent, and most soldiers have to be resocialized (in boot camp or its equivalent) to overcome their deep moral convictions against killing. We both wound up suspended for that one (Ashton, 2011). Americas defense meltdown: Pentagon reform for President Obama and the new Congress Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press. Although she survived, it took seventeen surgeries to turn her whole again. Describe some of the factors that have influenced this social institution in India. When these problems occur, they may ironically worsen the psychological state of these veterans. As this brief discussion suggests, US veterans have many unmet needs. As just one example of such waste, a 2011 federal audit found that cost overruns over the prior two years had added at least $70 billion to projected costs of various weapons systems (Drew, 2011). Critics of the military budget say that the billions of dollars spent on weapons and other military needs would be better spent on domestic needs such as schools and day care. Resources, the environment, and conflict. Many veterans of the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan have also come back home with these problems. Tirman, J. In addition, half of American children need food stamps at some time before becoming adults, while this problem is far rarer in Europe. AlterNet. This collection was written over a span of forty-four years and is presented in the belief that sociology is a science. While the US blows money on the military, Europe spends dough on social programs. In contrast, the United States spends 5.1 percent of its economy on its base military budget, which does not include costs for veterans benefits, for the Iraq and Afghanistan wars, and military spending that falls outside the Pentagons budget. They suffer terrible physical and mental wounds that can maim them for life (Dao, 2012). Wheeler, W. T. (2009). Four decades later, questions of deceit were again raised after the United States began the war against Iraq because of its alleged possession of weapons of mass destruction.